Neuro-humoral mechanism
One of the earliest attempts to explain the analgesic effects of acupuncture was the theory of the control of the "gate of pain". She described the modulation of pain sensory impulses through inhibitory mechanisms of the central nervous system (CNS). According to this theory, needle pricking with acupuncture excites fast sensory nerve fibers of the skin or muscles, and the impulses of these fibers "overtake" in the spinal cord impulses from the affected organs, which are transmitted through slower fibers. At the same time, inhibitory interneurons that affect the slow pathways are activated. The therapeutic effect, when pain is reduced by causing pain through heterotopic stimulation of various areas of the body, is called counter-irritation, and it has been discovered many times by scientists. Counter-irritation often breaks the vicious circle and allows one to achieve a lasting therapeutic effect, thereby providing opportunities for regeneration in the event that the lesion is not yet irreversible.
In 1976, Western researchers put forward a new hypothesis that the effect of acupuncture is mediated by the endorphinergic system. According to this hypothesis, the endorphinergic system consists of neurons located mainly in the mesencephalon (nuclear suture and central gray matter). It is assumed that its analgesic effect is mediated by the release of endorphins (neurotransmitters with morphine-like action) through the reticulospinal tract.
New acupuncture studies are performed using functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single-proton emission computed tomography (SPECT), transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TKDU). The research results suggest the hypothesis that when exposed to acupuncture points, the activity of specific subcortical systems, mainly the limbic system, is modulated. It makes an assumption that the effects of acupuncture are determined by the basic principle of the functional structure of the nervous system - its somatotopic organization (the neuronal connection of strictly defined departments and areas of the nervous system with strictly defined organs and areas of the body).
This diagnosis is currently one of the most common. If you are strictly impassive, you can put it 9 out of 10 people of any age. And with age, the number of people who have this disorder (or disease) increases more and more. Even those who have had a strong “starter” and have practically never been sick with anything, now feel quite a certain discomfort associated with some changes in the brain.
Organic lesion of the central nervous system (central nervous system) in its classic content is a neurological diagnosis, i.e. is within the competence of the neuropathologist. But the symptoms accompanying this diagnosis and syndromes can relate to any other medical specialty.
This diagnosis means that the human brain to a certain extent is defective. But, if a mild (5-20%) "organic" (organic lesion of the central nervous system) is inherent in almost all people (98-99%) and does not require any special medical interventions, then the average degree (20-50%) of organics is not just a quantitatively different state, but a qualitatively different (fundamentally heavier) type of disturbance of the nervous system.
Of course, in most cases, even this degree is not a reason for panic and tragedy. And it is this intonation that sounds in the voice of the doctors, who “put” this diagnosis on any of the patients. And the tranquility and confidence of the doctors are immediately transferred to the patients and their relatives, thus setting them up for a careless and frivolous mood. But at the same time, the main principle of medicine is forgotten - "the main thing is not to cure the disease, but to prevent it." And it is here that it turns out that the prevention of the further development of moderately pronounced organic matter is completely absent and leads further in many cases to rather sad consequences. In other words, organic is not a reason for relaxation, but a basis for a serious attitude to this disruption of the central nervous system.
As practice has shown, doctors, if they begin to sound the alarm, only when organic matter has already reached a severe degree (50-70%) of severity and when all medical efforts can only have a relative and temporary positive effect. Causes of organics are divided into congenital and acquired. Congenital cases include when, during pregnancy, the mother of an unborn child suffered any infection (acute respiratory infections, flu, sore throat, etc.), took some medications, alcohol, smoked. The unified blood supply system will bring stress hormones into the fetus during periods of psychological stress of the mother. In addition, sudden changes in temperature and pressure, exposure to radioactive substances and X-rays, toxic substances dissolved in water, contained in the air, in food
